Business Brief Marketing Departments

Question: Examine about theBusiness Brieffor Marketing Departments. Answer: Presentation In the cutting edge world, Innovation has become the principle territory of center for all advertising divisions in various associations world over. This has made item development as the focal focus on associations. Development is fundamentally the way toward improving associations current procedures, improving the nature of items and administrations just as expanding the general hierarchical proficiency. Development empowers associations to contend well in the ever serious business world. For an association to be seen as imaginative they and not have to totally concoct new items. An adjustment in procedures and plans of action equipped towards giving better items that are in accordance with the changing purchaser needs can likewise be seen as advancement. For compelling development to be done in an association in this way, its central for an association to comprehend its buyers current needs and needs. Development ought to consistently be a triumph procedure that is in-worked as a p iece of different business systems so as to construct an association culture that that is established on imaginative reasoning and critical thinking. Development has risen as the main factor prompting associations achievement. Organizations that have received nonstop advancement as a major aspect of their systems have had the option to grow better and effective procedures which have improved their profitability. Advancement requires broad examination and arranging. Advancement ought to be a reaction to patterns I the market, change and broadening of customers needs lastly because of contenders activities. Without research it won't be conceivable to comprehend clients needs and needs consequently administrations and merchandise offered to them probably won't fulfill their necessities completely. Comprehension of clients is likewise significant for arrangement of client care administrations .without comprehension of the clients this can't be successfully accomplished. Focusing on clients purchasing practices can be one method of getting clients. Understanding client needs and needs includes three fundamental advances. The first step is placing ourselves in quite a while shoes and taking a gander at the business in a clients viewpoint. The following stage includes undertaking research on buyers purchasing practices lastly asking clients direct inquiries with respect to their needs. This brief gives data on an inventive item called the laser console and the positive gathering of the item into the countrys showcase. Understanding Consumers needs and Wants. The Need for a Laser Keyboards A Laser console is a kind of a console that is explicitly intended to be utilized by a wide scope of gadgets, for example, advanced mobile phones, personal computers just as workstations. The console is effectively convenient as a result of its little size; it can in this manner be handily placed in a pocket or understudies satchel. The console can likewise be utilized with various gadgets including Smartphones, work stations and PCs. The console will be cherished by numerous clients in light of its highlights that incorporate being founded on present day cutting edge innovation, having a lithium battery-powered battery and an optical part that is non-mechanical. Among different advantages for the item incorporate super adaptability, capacity to enter information capably and sublime similarity with gadgets. The new contraption will make the work for office and medical clinic laborers just as the individuals in collenges progressively charming and satisfying. Clients of the Keyboard will profit by its three principle attributes which incorporate benefit, its appearance and upkeep. Advanced mobile phones and PDAs present one specific test in that their keys are very little. This is a constraining variable to the measure of movement that can be completed utilizing these gadgets .This makes the console progressively attractive due to its enormous keys. Associating the console with Bluetooth empowers it to extend a full-size console, incorporated with the gadget and which can be utilized to include information. The changing patterns delighted in by advanced mobile phones are surprising. Their style assumes a fundamental job in their compactness. A few consoles have the capacity of anticipating the picture of the console noticeable all around. These are a portion of its eye catching angles about their usefulness. The console likewise doesn't require a level help for it to work well. The support o the console is likewise a factor that ought not stress the clients of the console. Things, for example, spillages, drops, spills and different glitches that are ordinarily knowledgeable about different consoles will be a non issue on the grounds that the console is sans harm. These are a portion of the reasons that will provoke buyers to buy this console. Laser Keyboards in Oman This console has not yet been presented in Oman Market yet because of web based shopping, there is the chance of purchasers in the nation obtaining it even before it has been presented in their own nation. This is conceivable in view of the presence of online shops, for example, Amazon, JadoPado and E-inlet. Individuals in the nation have likewise evolved enthusiasm for innovation, for example, sky Wifi, power bank and shrewd pen. The items advertise is significantly a few medical clinics and universities just as Oman understudies keen on learning English, Fashion and innovation. Anyway there is a disservice in that numerous local people may not organize this item due to the way that it can just sort in English. Anyway there has been a general improvement regarding connection and social trades among various societies. There has additionally been a general headway and receptiveness towards change appropriation .The expense of the console will be around 27.26 Omani Rials however the large test remains whether the individuals of Omani will spend such measure of cash on a console that they can unreservedly jump on their workstations and telephones. An extraordinary level of understudies are against the thought of conveying workstations consistently. This is a lumbering errand for the majority of them particularly as a result of the numerous books that they need to convey. This new console can empower understudies will empower the understudies to get their work done utilizing their advanced cells which will be extremely practical for them since they won't be required to buy PCs since they can do every one of their assignments utilizing Laser console. End Understanding purchasers needs and needs is significant for each association .This in light of the fact that the move encourages associations to create items with details that can address shoppers issues .Understanding the market is likewise key to development as it empowers associations to think about customers inclinations.

21st Century Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

21st Century Education - Essay Example This examination diagrams that over the most recent couple of hundreds of years, instruction has become increasingly more accessible to individuals and to a great extent because of the innovation of the print machine and different methods for spreading composed material, which has been the most exceptional vessel for information education. Accordingly, it has expanded, and when 100 years back we may have said that an individual is accomplished basically in light of the fact that they realized how to peruse and compose, today those are insignificant essentials in training, and a lot of individuals with proficiency abilities, yet they don't qualify as instructed. Indeed, even information without anyone else doesn't get the job done for one to be instructed, â€Å"Familiarity with a rundown of words, names, books, and thoughts is an extraordinarily poor approach to judge who is well-educated†. Being instructed today implies that one needs to have information, yet in addition the expert, social, and moral abilities that accompany it, just as involvement with managing people.From this paper it is clear thatâ many craftsmanship universities show aptitudes, which are not especially explicit to any activity. For instance, an understudy from the staff of Education can utilize a similar degree to apply and most likely find a new line of work, as a client relations supervisor in a firm yet there are individuals who go to class to contemplate the last mentioned. The abilities learnt in Arts College are flexible and can be applied in an assortment of fields. However, a portion of the current callings can't be drilled by any individual who isn't qualified and ensured for them.

A Day in the Life of an Ex-Smoker

A Day in the Life of an Ex-Smoker More in Addiction Nicotine Use After You Quit How to Quit Smoking Nicotine Withdrawal Smoking-Related Diseases The Inside of Cigarettes Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery What will it feel like on the day you quit smoking? This fictional account shows what you may go through on your quit day. Morning You open your eyes and instantly feel a pit in your stomach. Today is the day you are supposed to quit smoking.  You promised yourself that you would finally end the madness of  nicotine addiction  once and for all and its not ever going to happen if you dont get started. You may already be days past when you promised yourself you would quit smoking, such as on your birthday. The problem is, youre not sure youre ready. You absolutely want to quit and know you need to quit, but maybe it would be better to wait until this coming weekend, instead of trying to quit on a workday. How are you going to get moving and function without that first cup of coffee and the cigarette that goes so well with it? Stop looking for excuses to stop smoking. Now that youve started on the process, work on looking for ways to stay motivated instead of giving in to temptation. But you know you are just trying to back out again. You resolve to hold fast to your plan. Today is the day. This addiction is a ball and chain that wont let go until you take a stand and make it happen. The coffee is started, and already youre craving a smoke. You havent been up for 15 minutes, and your insides are in a knot. How are you ever going to do this if you cant make it a few minutes without feeling like garbage? How can you hope to quit smoking permanently if you cant make it through one hour, let alone one day? A Day in the Life of Someone Addicted to Smoking You think about what a friend told you about dealing with the early days of smoking cessation, Keep your mind firmly planted in the here and now. Focus on this minute. Dont worry about tomorrow or even later todayâ€"just deal with right now. Nicotine withdrawal isnt comfortable, but it does get better, and its easier if you stay in the present. You take several deep breaths. While the coffee is brewing, you head for the shower, which does help beat back the urge to smoke. Afterward, you put on your first nicotine patch  and get dressed. The skin under the patch is a little itchy, but it only lasts a few minutes. You pour a cup of coffee and pack your lunch for work. Youre moving, but feel like its in slow motion. You know the patch is kicking in because that clenched feeling in your belly is easing up. Your mind is still stuck on smoking thoughts though, like a broken record, I need a cigarette, I need a cigarette, I need a cigarette. You wish you hadnt flushed the rest of that pack down the toilet last night. You were so excited and confident then. Good thing you did toss them because youd be lighting up right now if you had a cigarette within reach. You fix a slice of toast and drink a glass of orange juice. Breakfast is usually just coffee and cigarettes, so this is a real departure from your normal routine. Surprisingly, it helps you feel a little better, and you head out the door to start your day. Cigarettes have been an important part of your daily routine. Replacing those old habits with new ones can help you keep your commitment to quitting smoking. Work Day No sooner do you turn the key in the cars ignition than a little voice in the back of your mind quietly suggests you drive directly to the convenience store for a pack of smokes. You try to ignore your thoughts and take a different route to work. You notice every single store that sells cigarettes along the way but you manage to drive by them all, going to your destination without stopping. Its barely 9 a.m. and youre already feeling exhausted. Thankfully, work is not a place where you smoke much, so while youre feeling a little jumpy and out of sorts, youre able to settle in and get busy. You are proud to have made it this far. Time for lunch and a smoke.  Immediately after this thought surfaces, your heart sinks. You cant smoke at lunch today. You feel a flash of anger, again wishing youd delayed your quit date for a few days. The mental negotiation has begun again, but instead of letting it take hold, you grab your coat and head out for lunch with your co-workers, something you usually avoid because you dont smoke in front of them. Lunch wasnt too bad. Your nerves felt a little raw, but knowing you couldnt smoke in that setting actually helped, and you feel another surge of pride. Youre doing this. Half of the first day is done. The rest of the afternoon goes by without much trouble. Junkie thoughts pop up frequently, but you find that getting up for a glass of water or to stretch your legs helps. That all changes when you get in the car to go home. When you find yourself struggling with cravings, try to find distractions. Even small changes to your daily routine can help keep your mind off the urge to smoke. Foods and Diet Tips That May Help You Quit Smoking Home for the Evening Almost as soon as you start the engine, the background noise in your mind shifts into a dull roar.  Why did I quit smoking? I love smoking.  I cant imagine being happy and fulfilled in my life if I have to face it without cigarettes ever again. This is too hard. Im going to buy a pack before I get home. Somehow the you who knows better than to listen to the mental chatter stays in control and you make it home without caving. Youre feeling panicky and miserable, though. The car is a trigger for you. This is not surprising  since you smoke while driving all of the time. You walk in the door and immediately boot up the computer or a mobile app to search for cessation help. You find plenty of reading material and spend the rest of the evening researching. Tips for Dealing With Stress While You Quit Smoking Focus on Why You Want to Stop Smoking It turns out everything youve been experiencing today is normal and part of what everyone goes through when quitting tobacco. You are relieved to know its not just you being weak. They say it will get better and that a list of reasons to stop smoking is a good place to start your quit program. Reasons to Stop Smoking You live in fear of a smoking-related disease catching up with you.You have a bad cough that has become chronic. People know you by your cough.You are  short of breath when walking a short distance on level ground.You worry about starting a fire from cigarette embers.You hate the smell and the mess of smoking.You are ashamed of your addiction, and that makes you feel like you have less worth as a person.You hate that you are setting a bad example for your children.You hate that you are paying cigarette companies you are hard-earned money for a product that is designed to kill you. You spend so much time daydreaming about what it would be like to not only be smoke-free but to be able to live your life without even thinking about cigarettes.  Between the time you spend smoking and the time you spend thinking about when youre going to smoke next, your whole day revolves around cigarettes. You are living in a self-imposed prison and are  so sick of it. One Day Down and Feeling Proud Day one is coming to a close and while it wasnt easy, you made it through without lighting up. Youre going to repeat what worked today again tomorrowâ€"one hour (or minute, if necessary) at a time. Youll add to your list of reasons and learn more about what to expect in the days and weeks ahead. Quit Smoking and Make It Stick!

A Critical Analysis Of Merciles Beautee - 1792 Words

A critical analysis of â€Å"Merciles Beautee† as compared with â€Å"To Rosemounde, Hale sterne superne, hale in eterne and Of my lady wel me rejoise I may.† â€Å"The courtly lady†¦possesses a curiously hybrid gender. While maintaining stereotypically female sexuality, she also holds, in principle at least, the status of a feudal lord.† Burns’ statement insinuates a reversal of power dynamics between man and woman in the courtly love lyric, implying that the woman’s stereotypical beauty and sexuality in courtship, is a gateway to subverting and overpowering the lovesick male, making her a superior lord. The Amour Courtois lyric is deemed inconsistent with the representation of woman as an empowered â€Å"feudal lord† due to the sheer objectification of femininity and beauty. Poets such as Geoffrey Chaucer and William Dunbar commend a woman’s aesthetic appeal or satirise the lack of it, thus elevating medieval misogynistic expectations of physical beauty as a feminine necessity that objectifies women under the control of man’s advances. Throughout courtly love lyrics female beauty is a purel y frivolous and superficial trait lacking predominant depth, to render woman as a â€Å"lord† would be poetically conflicting as the only power exemplified by female subjects in courtship is through the idolisation and sexual lust of the male devotee. In Chaucer’s â€Å"Merciles Beautee†, feminine beauty is represented as a superficial threat, â€Å"merciless† lust is the sole weapon of the female against man in the fin

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, individuals experiencing symptoms of PTSD usually start experiencing them, within 3 months of the traumatic incident (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). If an individual is experiencing symptoms, they must last for more than a month and be severe enough to interfere with the individual’s everyday life for a physician to diagnosis the condition as PTSD (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). There has been success with patients recovering from the condition within 6 months of the traumatic event, while others have symptoms that last much longer (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). In some people, the condition may become chronic (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). Clinical phase Signs and symptoms: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is requires the presence of events that are objectively (to the one experiencing) as â€Å"traumatic† (Ford, 2015). For individuals experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, there are often two forms of symptoms, physical and emotional. Physical symptoms could include avoiding going to places that trigger memories of the traumatic experience, or exhaustion to due to the inability to sleep or night terrors. Emotional symptoms of the PTSD include negative alterations in emotion and an inability to manage impulses or anger (Ford, 2015). Medical care/Diagnosis/Treatment: The main treatments for individuals who are experiencing PTSD are medications, psychotherapyShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1103 Words   |  5 PagesPOST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER ADDAE Y. ATTAKORAH PRAIRIE STATE COLLEGE PSYCHOLOGY 101 5/3/16 INTRODUCTION Many of the war veterans who came home from the Vietnam War came home with PTSD or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder which is a mental health condition that is triggered by a terrifying event- either through experiencing it or witnessing it. Although it happens most to those who serve in the military, it can happen to anyone who goes either goes through or witnesses a traumatic eventRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder2753 Words   |  12 Pagesexperience PTSD. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder can last for many years, though some recover after 6-12 months. (Anxiety, n.p.) Like panic disorders, a person with PTSD may look to alcohol to cope with their feelings. Those with PTSD may have another type of anxiety and depression may also accompany the symptoms of the anxiety disorder. Do you ever feel self-conscious in situations with a lot of people? Do you get nervous thinking about standing in front of people and what they will think of youRead MoreSymptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1740 Words   |  7 PagesAcross the nation there are children, both male and female, who suffer from symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) each day. These children are victims of a variety of trauma, such as â€Å"natural disasters, war, sexual abuse, witnessing violent behavior on another person, serious life-threatening illness, and community violence† (Sauter Franklin, 1998). For years, â€Å"studies have been done to understand the relationship [of] the prevalence of PTSD in children who experience trauma† (SauterRead MoreSymptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder843 Words   |  4 PagesThe client is showing symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD. Under the DSM-V the diagnostic code follows 309.81 (F43.10) and finds the criteria b y clinically significant distress or impairment in social and/or occupational dysfunction for a period of at least one month and symptoms are not due to medical condition, medication or drugs and alcohol. PTSD symptoms include nightmares, flashbacks, sleep disturbance, mood disorders, suicidal ideation, avoidance, and hyper-arousal in responseRead MorePost-traumatic Stress Disorder: Symptoms and Treatment1612 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Statement of Thesis Post-traumatic stress disorder is a serious condition and one that is challenging in terms of identifying the disorder and effectively coping with this disorder. Introduction Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that the individual develops following a terrifying ordeal that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm. The person who develops PTSD may have been the one who was harmed, the harm may have happened toRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1189 Words   |  5 Pagesbattle fatigue, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder has been around since the history of stressful events themselves. First discovered in the 1600’s as nostalgia, it was usually left untreated as it was seen as a sign of weakness in men. In the early years of diagnosis’s, PTSD was most commonly present in soldiers due to their always present high stress situations. PTSD is a mental illness caused by traumatizing events or series of events. As defined by healthline.com, a traumatic event is â€Å"an incidentRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1033 Words   |  5 Pagesdepressive disorder that I chose for my final paper is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, or more commonly known as PSTD. This is a very complex disorder and effects men, women, and children alike. Most people associate PSTD with servicemen or women returning from defending our country. However, statistics show these people do experience PTSD, they are not the only people this disorder effects. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a reaction a person has after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic, lifeRead MoreTreating Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay1881 Words   |  8 PagesPsychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy to Treat Symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder 1304063 University of Alberta Utilizing Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy to Treat Symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder The survival status of burn victims is increasing and although this is an achievement for the medical field, it means that many burn victims are left dealing with psychiatric issues such as stress, depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Willebrand, Anderson Read MoreSymptoms And Treatments Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder2995 Words   |  12 PagesAdam Baggs Mrs. Guzzo ENG3UI Monday, October 20, 2014 CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND TREATMENTS OF POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN RELATION TO HOLDEN CAUFIELD INTRODUCTION Post Traumatic Stress Disorder can affect any person who experiences a traumatic event throughout their life. Experiencing death at a young age and lack of parental support through a hard time can lead a young adult to develop Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (P.T.S.D.). In the novel, The Catcher in the Rye, by J.D. Salinger, When Holden’sRead MoreSymptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay821 Words   |  4 Pagesresponse to a harmful event or threat of survival. However, this reaction to danger can be damaged or altered due to Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD usually occurs after a terrifying event that involves physical harm, or the threat of it. Instead of the body having a natural response to danger, this â€Å"flight-or-fight† reaction could occur at any given, uncontrollable moment. Traumatic events including rape, child abuse, natural disasters, and car accidents are one of the many things that can trigger

The Odyssey †What Is a Hero Free Essays

Ashley Literature and Composition 1 8 March 2010 â€Å"The Odyssey† by Homer What is a hero? One who holds a proud countenance or obtains a strong build? Different cultures and ethnicities may have their own, unique definition of a hero. Although the Greeks believed that such a principled individual is someone that people look up to, and a title such as this cannot be bestowed upon the ordinary. In Homer’s â€Å"The Odyssey†, it is Odysseus who possesses the true characteristics of a hero wisdom, loyalty and showing moral improvement. We will write a custom essay sample on The Odyssey – What Is a Hero or any similar topic only for you Order Now Homer describes Odysseus as an intelligent individual; this statement is proven fact when in the cave of the Cyclops Polyphemus, Odysseus’s first thought was to kill the giant. Instead of acting upon his first thoughts Odysseus takes the time to use his intelligence and realize that Polyphemus is the only way out of the cave. Odysseus offers wine to Polyphemus who then asks his providers’ name, Odysseus wittily replies with â€Å"Nohbody: mother, father, and friends, everyone calls me Nohbody† (Homer Lines 360-361). Even as he spoke, he reeled and tumbled backward, his great head lolling to one side and sleep took him like any creature† (Lines 360-366). Odysseus and his men blind Polyphemus while sleeping which results in the giant yelling to his brothers that, â€Å"Nohbody, Nohbody’s tricked me. Nohbody’s ruined me! † and no one came to his aide (Line 443). In this example, Odysseus shows his intelligence, a trait one can infer that t he Greeks admired, by lying to Polyphemus to save the lives of his men. Also, after 2 eturning home to Ithaca to find many suitors begging for his wife’s hand in marriage, Odysseus disguises himself as a beggar to avoid attention. The seemingly beggar at first glance enters the home of Odysseus to witness the emotional destruction of his wife Penelope. Odysseus is disguised until the last possible moment when he eventually reveals himself after completing the task to win Penelope’s hand in marriage. Odysseus is a marvel character whose characteristics allow readers to infer that the Greeks held the trait f intelligence in respect for a hero. During 720 BC, when â€Å"The Odyssey† was first published, the book explained that Odysseus preferred not to go to war, especially a war fought for an unfaithful woman. The Greeks showed no signs of disloyalty as a respectable trait for any man or woman, therefore when Odysseus is described as a faithful man, he is immediately categorized as a hero. To an extent Odysseus’s bravery can be substantiated by Athena’s constant support, and also proving his loyalty to the Greek Gods during his twenty years away from home. Locked away on the goddess Calypso’s island, Odysseus, despite the attraction he feels toward the nymph goddess, stayed as faithful as possible to his Penelope proving his devoted love for her. Calypso had offered him immortality and a life bound her, but with his one goal in mind, (to return home) Odysseus declines the offer proving his loyal character. Along with the promised loyalty to his wife, Odysseus was equally faithful to his men. When in the face of danger, his men looked to Odysseus for help and guidance knowing that he will come to their aide. An example of this mutual relationship is when Odysseus and his followers landed on the island of Aeaea, where they rested to replenish their strength. His men were divided in half and Odysseus and his half of followers stayed behind when the rest of his men journeyed through the island to investigate. After finding the palace of the goddess Circe the men were 3 welcomed into the palace by the goddess herself. One man, Eurylochus, sensed danger and stayed hidden outside while the others ate and drank the pleasures provided by Circe. The win was drugged, causing the men to forget all memories of their home. After drugging the men, Circe used her twisted magic and transformed the men into swine. Eurylochus quickly returned to Odysseus and explained the evil doings of Circe. Odysseus traveled to the house of the goddess alone, where she invited him in and gave him the same drugged wine. With the help of the Messenger God Hermes, Odysseus managed to escape the magic of Circe and threatened her with his sword into changing his men back. Taking responsibility for his men’s lives and sacrificing his own instead of running away from the danger is proof of his loyal character. Odysseus’s principle attribute is loyalty which the Greeks believe, is in belonging to a heroic figure. Everyone deserves a second chance; learning from your mistakes provides evidence of your improving character. Throughout â€Å"The Odyssey† one may make comments about the numerous faults they find in Odysseus’s character such as; his love of glory, and his abiding arrogance. However, nearing the end of the tale Odysseus does not immediately react violently upon the dreadful sight of the many suitors destroying the heart of his Penelope. Instead of acting quickly, Odysseus patiently waits until the right time to reveal his identity and surprise the suitors with their own death. Learning and improving your reputation are the qualities one can infer from the epic that were greatly admired by the Greeks as a heroic trait. During the period where heroes were described as intelligent, loyal, and dedicated, Odysseus is described as a model warrior in Homer’s â€Å"Odyssey† and a true heroic being. With his intelligence Odysseus saves the lives of his devoted followers when a desperate situation calls for hero. His loyalty provides reassurance to his wife 4 Penelope and his men that he will soon return home. Odysseus shows his improving character by learning from his past mistakes to improve the future. These traits are just a few traits that the Greeks, during Homer’s time period, held in the highest regard for a hero. 5 Works Cited Homer. â€Å"The Odyssey†. New York: Ballantine Books, 1973 How to cite The Odyssey – What Is a Hero, Papers

Accounting Theory and Application Positive Accounting Research

Question: Discuss about theAccounting Theory and Applicationfor Positive Accounting Research. Answer: Introduction Liberalizing the positive accounting approach for developing the casual detailing of the human behavior in accounting settings is the main theme of the given research program (Dunmore, 2016). The theory of knowledge, specifically highlighting the methods, scope and the reality needs to be cleared out to understand the distinction between generic opinion and justified belief of a particular concerned research article. Thus, the given study mainly discusses the positive accounting explanations have been which seems largely incapable in achieving scientific objectives. The casual involvement of the human elements in the accounting field has struggle with testing theoretical models, undue dependence of the logic of hypothesis, ineffective duplication confined the level of confidence to accept the findings. It has further been shown the lack of interest in the quantitative values of the parameters while doing the research works, especially the field of accounting. Hence, the article about the positive approach to the research of accounting will be discussed in this study. The aim of the critique is to examine the theme of literature that the human behavior needs to be explored in the field of accounting for effective decision makings. To understand the inner meaning of the given article regarding the positive accounting research, the paper will primarily explore the summary of the article. Based on the research hypothesis, the theoretical framework will be designed later in this paper. After over viewing the entire article, the significance and limitations of the articles will be determined before making findings of the article in the conclusion part of the research paper. Summary of the Article In today technological world, majority of the complex organizations are willingly involve in less personal or comprehensively impersonal systems of information for their decision making. However several critiques mentioned in their research papers that face-to-face interactions can the potentiality in taking decisions more effectively and accurately (Penman, 2013). Thus, the article highlights the importance and deficiencies of positive accounting research, by briefly reviewing the intellectual project. The article investigates serious deficiencies in terms of presenting the accounting data to the higher authority of the organization. Interestingly, most of the researches are restricted in solving accepted puzzles within a social group. However, the article included the concept of the disciplinary matrix used by Kuhn (1970). The idea behind such concept in this article is to introduce the positive elements of accounting for taking decisions regardless of the social or intellectual co ntribution deriving from the solutions (Dunmore, 2016). Interestingly, this has been proved that the idea of disciplinary matrix is beneficial for presenting accounting data and increases the opportunity for adopting a more useful paradigm while taking the decision. Thus the article has provided suggestions to incorporate present system toward invigorating the research of accounting positively for achieving its potential. In this article, several working hypotheses have been set for the purpose of the intellectual enquiry at work. Firstly, this has been imagined that the world is independent place where there is no control over the wishes of human subject. Secondly, the tested events must be the part of the world or this cannot be taken as the results of interventions from outside the world. The next hypothesis assumed that the normal people can obtain fairly reliable information about events in the world by careful observation. Lastly, the hypothesis clearly mentioned that the purpose of the intellectual enquiry is to make understand the world that the careful observation with positive approach in accounting field can improve the decision making. Needless to say, the human behavior is one of the core elements for taking positive and transparent approach in accounting. The article develops an inner meaning that the clarity and positivity in think of a person can be extended when personal interactions takes place during the intellectual enquiry. However, the religious understanding may discourage such enquiry (Giddens, 2013). This concept has been described in this article with the support of well-known stories for better understanding of the theme of the research. To understand the positive research in intellectual program, the article explored the idea of scientific research program, concentrating mainly the economic and accounting perspectives. Thus, the paper has clearly determined the deficiencies in its implementation in the perspectives of the modern scenario. Later the article discussed the research topic with the help of apt examples of positive research in accounting. In this section, the term positive accounting theory has been connected with Watts and Zimmerman because they were primarily discussed this in a broader sense instead of concentrating a particular theory (Whittington, 2015). Based on the perspective of them, this has been observed that accounting phenomena are generic caused by the operation of coherent individual-interest among parties who frequently interact with expression or indirect contracts in different types of organization. Interestingly, the concept of positive research in accounting described by them can encompass not only by the choices of firm managers but also decisions taken by auditors regarding the pricing and reporting purpose. However, the article investigates that such kind of research do not illustrate considerably on this theoretical model. Contradictory part of the article is that human acts rational ly but not in the sort of events associated with the Positive Accounting Theory (Dunmore, 2016). The view of Fukuyama argued that eighty percent of the time is being considered correct when organizations incorporates fundamental model during the intellectual enquiry for the accounting purpose. In the forth section of the article, the scientific viewpoints have also being discussed for proving the fact that the research related to positive accounting is not the same as the research of accounting. Most of the cases, interpretive researchers argued that interpretive research program does not follow the assumptions of positive research (Christensen et al. 2016). For instance, those reality associated with the social nature of reality can be match the views of the viewpoints of the intellectual researchers. In other words, the socially constructed events carried out by human subjects are different and positive approach cannot be followed universally. In short, the article has clearly made an observation that human behavior varies with the auctions taken by them. On common perspective, mind makes choices, when humans have free will. Thus, the cause of behaviors is fluctuating and the decisions taken based on the human elements can be considered true or perfect for decision makin g all the time. Later the article tested the chosen hypotheses with the application of the theoretical framework. For instance, the collection of data is important for doing most of the scientific research. For this, theories are practiced for accumulating data. However, the argument lies on the concept of the acceptance of such used theories over the centuries. When the natural scientists think differently, they might observe irregularities in the past theories. In that situation, the careful observation based on those theories may found distinguish from the current observations. Frankly speaking, creative idea in science may be varied with different approaches of the natural scientists. This concept has been discussed with the Poppers criterion in this section. The essence of successful positive research program is also incorporated in this article for improving the human behaviors into the accounting research for better financial decision making. To determine the positive aspects of the research program, the researcher conducted a survey. Needless to say, the survey has revealed the noticeable gap between positive accounting practiced in organizations with actually would be required. Thus, most of the cases, organizations failed to make an effective contribution to the expanded intellectual program. Research Hypotheses The article has taken four hypotheses for conducting the research. Firstly, an independent world has been taken into consideration for conducting the research. An inner meaning said that events in the world are free of control of wishes of human subjects. This hypothesis values in the literature because new scientific thinking is full of creative ideas which must be evolving in nature. Thus, the concerned careful observations related to the accounting research might be varied. The second hypothesis assumed that events of the research are part of this world. In other words, the outcomes of such events are not the part of outside world. Thirdly, the observations of the research are not completely unconnected to the world. By this hypothesis, the research has maintained a realistic approach towards the normal people. Fourthly, the purpose of the enquiry at the level of intellectual is for gaining the importance to the world so that the entire research could contribute towards a particular direction. Theoretical Framework To conduct the research, the article discussed many theoretical frameworks for understanding the scientific contribution. For testing hypothesis, Poppers criterion has been discussed (Dunmore, 2016). This helped to understand the cause of distinguishes of creative ideas among many scientists. Evidence suggests that observations can be varied with different creative ideas. By this theoretical discussion, the variable nature of careful observations of natural scientists has been verified and tested the hypothesis as well. Therefore, the practicality lies on the use of the theoretical applications of the research. The Significance and Limitations of the Article This article approached diverse concepts of literatures. This helps in discussing the procurement of data for conducting the intellectual research related to the accounting research. The acceptance of the article comprises with the inclusion of the several viewpoints in the literature. For instance, the interpretative research program has been discussed, although the article has mainly concentrated on intellectual observations of the researchers. Thus the article has broadened its acceptance. Secondly, the research has incorporate mainstream accounting research program in contemporary decades despite its criticisms among others. The author has shown full support towards the application his research on applied accounting along with mentioning deficiencies in its implementation into the research. Thus the author does no hide the limitation of his own. Thirdly, the author has given examples for better understanding the positive approach in accounting research. This holds the practically of the research. However, limited theoretical framework has been used for testing the hypothesis. Secondly, the author has discussed both per perspectives of economic and accounting during the analysis of scientific research program. It creates several confusions among the critics of the article. Conclusion By the above discussion of the positive research, it has been observed that current practice of accounting has fall short while approaching careful observations. Furthermore, it has been determined that theoretical models are not helpful for getting involved in intellectual research for accounting because models are evolving with times. References: Christensen, H. B., Nikolaev, V. V., Wittenberg?Moerman, R. (2016). Accounting information in financial contracting: The incomplete contract theory perspective.Journal of Accounting Research,54(2), 397-435. Dunmore, p. (2016). Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research, (Massey university , wellington Giddens, A. (2013).New rules of sociological method: A positive critique of interpretative sociologies. John Wiley Sons. Penman, S. (2013). Accounting standard setting: Thoughts on developing a conceptual framework.China Journal of Accounting Studies,1(3-4), 157-167. Whittington, G. (2015). Measurement in Financial Reporting: Half a Century of Research and Practice.Abacus,51(4), 549-571.