A Critical Analysis Of Merciles Beautee - 1792 Words

A critical analysis of â€Å"Merciles Beautee† as compared with â€Å"To Rosemounde, Hale sterne superne, hale in eterne and Of my lady wel me rejoise I may.† â€Å"The courtly lady†¦possesses a curiously hybrid gender. While maintaining stereotypically female sexuality, she also holds, in principle at least, the status of a feudal lord.† Burns’ statement insinuates a reversal of power dynamics between man and woman in the courtly love lyric, implying that the woman’s stereotypical beauty and sexuality in courtship, is a gateway to subverting and overpowering the lovesick male, making her a superior lord. The Amour Courtois lyric is deemed inconsistent with the representation of woman as an empowered â€Å"feudal lord† due to the sheer objectification of femininity and beauty. Poets such as Geoffrey Chaucer and William Dunbar commend a woman’s aesthetic appeal or satirise the lack of it, thus elevating medieval misogynistic expectations of physical beauty as a feminine necessity that objectifies women under the control of man’s advances. Throughout courtly love lyrics female beauty is a purel y frivolous and superficial trait lacking predominant depth, to render woman as a â€Å"lord† would be poetically conflicting as the only power exemplified by female subjects in courtship is through the idolisation and sexual lust of the male devotee. In Chaucer’s â€Å"Merciles Beautee†, feminine beauty is represented as a superficial threat, â€Å"merciless† lust is the sole weapon of the female against man in the fin

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, individuals experiencing symptoms of PTSD usually start experiencing them, within 3 months of the traumatic incident (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). If an individual is experiencing symptoms, they must last for more than a month and be severe enough to interfere with the individual’s everyday life for a physician to diagnosis the condition as PTSD (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). There has been success with patients recovering from the condition within 6 months of the traumatic event, while others have symptoms that last much longer (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). In some people, the condition may become chronic (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). Clinical phase Signs and symptoms: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is requires the presence of events that are objectively (to the one experiencing) as â€Å"traumatic† (Ford, 2015). For individuals experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, there are often two forms of symptoms, physical and emotional. Physical symptoms could include avoiding going to places that trigger memories of the traumatic experience, or exhaustion to due to the inability to sleep or night terrors. Emotional symptoms of the PTSD include negative alterations in emotion and an inability to manage impulses or anger (Ford, 2015). Medical care/Diagnosis/Treatment: The main treatments for individuals who are experiencing PTSD are medications, psychotherapyShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1103 Words   |  5 PagesPOST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER ADDAE Y. ATTAKORAH PRAIRIE STATE COLLEGE PSYCHOLOGY 101 5/3/16 INTRODUCTION Many of the war veterans who came home from the Vietnam War came home with PTSD or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder which is a mental health condition that is triggered by a terrifying event- either through experiencing it or witnessing it. Although it happens most to those who serve in the military, it can happen to anyone who goes either goes through or witnesses a traumatic eventRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder2753 Words   |  12 Pagesexperience PTSD. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder can last for many years, though some recover after 6-12 months. (Anxiety, n.p.) Like panic disorders, a person with PTSD may look to alcohol to cope with their feelings. Those with PTSD may have another type of anxiety and depression may also accompany the symptoms of the anxiety disorder. Do you ever feel self-conscious in situations with a lot of people? Do you get nervous thinking about standing in front of people and what they will think of youRead MoreSymptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1740 Words   |  7 PagesAcross the nation there are children, both male and female, who suffer from symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) each day. These children are victims of a variety of trauma, such as â€Å"natural disasters, war, sexual abuse, witnessing violent behavior on another person, serious life-threatening illness, and community violence† (Sauter Franklin, 1998). For years, â€Å"studies have been done to understand the relationship [of] the prevalence of PTSD in children who experience trauma† (SauterRead MoreSymptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder843 Words   |  4 PagesThe client is showing symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD. Under the DSM-V the diagnostic code follows 309.81 (F43.10) and finds the criteria b y clinically significant distress or impairment in social and/or occupational dysfunction for a period of at least one month and symptoms are not due to medical condition, medication or drugs and alcohol. PTSD symptoms include nightmares, flashbacks, sleep disturbance, mood disorders, suicidal ideation, avoidance, and hyper-arousal in responseRead MorePost-traumatic Stress Disorder: Symptoms and Treatment1612 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Statement of Thesis Post-traumatic stress disorder is a serious condition and one that is challenging in terms of identifying the disorder and effectively coping with this disorder. Introduction Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that the individual develops following a terrifying ordeal that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm. The person who develops PTSD may have been the one who was harmed, the harm may have happened toRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1189 Words   |  5 Pagesbattle fatigue, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder has been around since the history of stressful events themselves. First discovered in the 1600’s as nostalgia, it was usually left untreated as it was seen as a sign of weakness in men. In the early years of diagnosis’s, PTSD was most commonly present in soldiers due to their always present high stress situations. PTSD is a mental illness caused by traumatizing events or series of events. As defined by healthline.com, a traumatic event is â€Å"an incidentRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1033 Words   |  5 Pagesdepressive disorder that I chose for my final paper is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, or more commonly known as PSTD. This is a very complex disorder and effects men, women, and children alike. Most people associate PSTD with servicemen or women returning from defending our country. However, statistics show these people do experience PTSD, they are not the only people this disorder effects. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a reaction a person has after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic, lifeRead MoreTreating Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay1881 Words   |  8 PagesPsychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy to Treat Symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder 1304063 University of Alberta Utilizing Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy to Treat Symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder The survival status of burn victims is increasing and although this is an achievement for the medical field, it means that many burn victims are left dealing with psychiatric issues such as stress, depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Willebrand, Anderson Read MoreSymptoms And Treatments Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder2995 Words   |  12 PagesAdam Baggs Mrs. Guzzo ENG3UI Monday, October 20, 2014 CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND TREATMENTS OF POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN RELATION TO HOLDEN CAUFIELD INTRODUCTION Post Traumatic Stress Disorder can affect any person who experiences a traumatic event throughout their life. Experiencing death at a young age and lack of parental support through a hard time can lead a young adult to develop Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (P.T.S.D.). In the novel, The Catcher in the Rye, by J.D. Salinger, When Holden’sRead MoreSymptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay821 Words   |  4 Pagesresponse to a harmful event or threat of survival. However, this reaction to danger can be damaged or altered due to Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD usually occurs after a terrifying event that involves physical harm, or the threat of it. Instead of the body having a natural response to danger, this â€Å"flight-or-fight† reaction could occur at any given, uncontrollable moment. Traumatic events including rape, child abuse, natural disasters, and car accidents are one of the many things that can trigger

The Odyssey †What Is a Hero Free Essays

Ashley Literature and Composition 1 8 March 2010 â€Å"The Odyssey† by Homer What is a hero? One who holds a proud countenance or obtains a strong build? Different cultures and ethnicities may have their own, unique definition of a hero. Although the Greeks believed that such a principled individual is someone that people look up to, and a title such as this cannot be bestowed upon the ordinary. In Homer’s â€Å"The Odyssey†, it is Odysseus who possesses the true characteristics of a hero wisdom, loyalty and showing moral improvement. We will write a custom essay sample on The Odyssey – What Is a Hero or any similar topic only for you Order Now Homer describes Odysseus as an intelligent individual; this statement is proven fact when in the cave of the Cyclops Polyphemus, Odysseus’s first thought was to kill the giant. Instead of acting upon his first thoughts Odysseus takes the time to use his intelligence and realize that Polyphemus is the only way out of the cave. Odysseus offers wine to Polyphemus who then asks his providers’ name, Odysseus wittily replies with â€Å"Nohbody: mother, father, and friends, everyone calls me Nohbody† (Homer Lines 360-361). Even as he spoke, he reeled and tumbled backward, his great head lolling to one side and sleep took him like any creature† (Lines 360-366). Odysseus and his men blind Polyphemus while sleeping which results in the giant yelling to his brothers that, â€Å"Nohbody, Nohbody’s tricked me. Nohbody’s ruined me! † and no one came to his aide (Line 443). In this example, Odysseus shows his intelligence, a trait one can infer that t he Greeks admired, by lying to Polyphemus to save the lives of his men. Also, after 2 eturning home to Ithaca to find many suitors begging for his wife’s hand in marriage, Odysseus disguises himself as a beggar to avoid attention. The seemingly beggar at first glance enters the home of Odysseus to witness the emotional destruction of his wife Penelope. Odysseus is disguised until the last possible moment when he eventually reveals himself after completing the task to win Penelope’s hand in marriage. Odysseus is a marvel character whose characteristics allow readers to infer that the Greeks held the trait f intelligence in respect for a hero. During 720 BC, when â€Å"The Odyssey† was first published, the book explained that Odysseus preferred not to go to war, especially a war fought for an unfaithful woman. The Greeks showed no signs of disloyalty as a respectable trait for any man or woman, therefore when Odysseus is described as a faithful man, he is immediately categorized as a hero. To an extent Odysseus’s bravery can be substantiated by Athena’s constant support, and also proving his loyalty to the Greek Gods during his twenty years away from home. Locked away on the goddess Calypso’s island, Odysseus, despite the attraction he feels toward the nymph goddess, stayed as faithful as possible to his Penelope proving his devoted love for her. Calypso had offered him immortality and a life bound her, but with his one goal in mind, (to return home) Odysseus declines the offer proving his loyal character. Along with the promised loyalty to his wife, Odysseus was equally faithful to his men. When in the face of danger, his men looked to Odysseus for help and guidance knowing that he will come to their aide. An example of this mutual relationship is when Odysseus and his followers landed on the island of Aeaea, where they rested to replenish their strength. His men were divided in half and Odysseus and his half of followers stayed behind when the rest of his men journeyed through the island to investigate. After finding the palace of the goddess Circe the men were 3 welcomed into the palace by the goddess herself. One man, Eurylochus, sensed danger and stayed hidden outside while the others ate and drank the pleasures provided by Circe. The win was drugged, causing the men to forget all memories of their home. After drugging the men, Circe used her twisted magic and transformed the men into swine. Eurylochus quickly returned to Odysseus and explained the evil doings of Circe. Odysseus traveled to the house of the goddess alone, where she invited him in and gave him the same drugged wine. With the help of the Messenger God Hermes, Odysseus managed to escape the magic of Circe and threatened her with his sword into changing his men back. Taking responsibility for his men’s lives and sacrificing his own instead of running away from the danger is proof of his loyal character. Odysseus’s principle attribute is loyalty which the Greeks believe, is in belonging to a heroic figure. Everyone deserves a second chance; learning from your mistakes provides evidence of your improving character. Throughout â€Å"The Odyssey† one may make comments about the numerous faults they find in Odysseus’s character such as; his love of glory, and his abiding arrogance. However, nearing the end of the tale Odysseus does not immediately react violently upon the dreadful sight of the many suitors destroying the heart of his Penelope. Instead of acting quickly, Odysseus patiently waits until the right time to reveal his identity and surprise the suitors with their own death. Learning and improving your reputation are the qualities one can infer from the epic that were greatly admired by the Greeks as a heroic trait. During the period where heroes were described as intelligent, loyal, and dedicated, Odysseus is described as a model warrior in Homer’s â€Å"Odyssey† and a true heroic being. With his intelligence Odysseus saves the lives of his devoted followers when a desperate situation calls for hero. His loyalty provides reassurance to his wife 4 Penelope and his men that he will soon return home. Odysseus shows his improving character by learning from his past mistakes to improve the future. These traits are just a few traits that the Greeks, during Homer’s time period, held in the highest regard for a hero. 5 Works Cited Homer. â€Å"The Odyssey†. New York: Ballantine Books, 1973 How to cite The Odyssey – What Is a Hero, Papers

Accounting Theory and Application Positive Accounting Research

Question: Discuss about theAccounting Theory and Applicationfor Positive Accounting Research. Answer: Introduction Liberalizing the positive accounting approach for developing the casual detailing of the human behavior in accounting settings is the main theme of the given research program (Dunmore, 2016). The theory of knowledge, specifically highlighting the methods, scope and the reality needs to be cleared out to understand the distinction between generic opinion and justified belief of a particular concerned research article. Thus, the given study mainly discusses the positive accounting explanations have been which seems largely incapable in achieving scientific objectives. The casual involvement of the human elements in the accounting field has struggle with testing theoretical models, undue dependence of the logic of hypothesis, ineffective duplication confined the level of confidence to accept the findings. It has further been shown the lack of interest in the quantitative values of the parameters while doing the research works, especially the field of accounting. Hence, the article about the positive approach to the research of accounting will be discussed in this study. The aim of the critique is to examine the theme of literature that the human behavior needs to be explored in the field of accounting for effective decision makings. To understand the inner meaning of the given article regarding the positive accounting research, the paper will primarily explore the summary of the article. Based on the research hypothesis, the theoretical framework will be designed later in this paper. After over viewing the entire article, the significance and limitations of the articles will be determined before making findings of the article in the conclusion part of the research paper. Summary of the Article In today technological world, majority of the complex organizations are willingly involve in less personal or comprehensively impersonal systems of information for their decision making. However several critiques mentioned in their research papers that face-to-face interactions can the potentiality in taking decisions more effectively and accurately (Penman, 2013). Thus, the article highlights the importance and deficiencies of positive accounting research, by briefly reviewing the intellectual project. The article investigates serious deficiencies in terms of presenting the accounting data to the higher authority of the organization. Interestingly, most of the researches are restricted in solving accepted puzzles within a social group. However, the article included the concept of the disciplinary matrix used by Kuhn (1970). The idea behind such concept in this article is to introduce the positive elements of accounting for taking decisions regardless of the social or intellectual co ntribution deriving from the solutions (Dunmore, 2016). Interestingly, this has been proved that the idea of disciplinary matrix is beneficial for presenting accounting data and increases the opportunity for adopting a more useful paradigm while taking the decision. Thus the article has provided suggestions to incorporate present system toward invigorating the research of accounting positively for achieving its potential. In this article, several working hypotheses have been set for the purpose of the intellectual enquiry at work. Firstly, this has been imagined that the world is independent place where there is no control over the wishes of human subject. Secondly, the tested events must be the part of the world or this cannot be taken as the results of interventions from outside the world. The next hypothesis assumed that the normal people can obtain fairly reliable information about events in the world by careful observation. Lastly, the hypothesis clearly mentioned that the purpose of the intellectual enquiry is to make understand the world that the careful observation with positive approach in accounting field can improve the decision making. Needless to say, the human behavior is one of the core elements for taking positive and transparent approach in accounting. The article develops an inner meaning that the clarity and positivity in think of a person can be extended when personal interactions takes place during the intellectual enquiry. However, the religious understanding may discourage such enquiry (Giddens, 2013). This concept has been described in this article with the support of well-known stories for better understanding of the theme of the research. To understand the positive research in intellectual program, the article explored the idea of scientific research program, concentrating mainly the economic and accounting perspectives. Thus, the paper has clearly determined the deficiencies in its implementation in the perspectives of the modern scenario. Later the article discussed the research topic with the help of apt examples of positive research in accounting. In this section, the term positive accounting theory has been connected with Watts and Zimmerman because they were primarily discussed this in a broader sense instead of concentrating a particular theory (Whittington, 2015). Based on the perspective of them, this has been observed that accounting phenomena are generic caused by the operation of coherent individual-interest among parties who frequently interact with expression or indirect contracts in different types of organization. Interestingly, the concept of positive research in accounting described by them can encompass not only by the choices of firm managers but also decisions taken by auditors regarding the pricing and reporting purpose. However, the article investigates that such kind of research do not illustrate considerably on this theoretical model. Contradictory part of the article is that human acts rational ly but not in the sort of events associated with the Positive Accounting Theory (Dunmore, 2016). The view of Fukuyama argued that eighty percent of the time is being considered correct when organizations incorporates fundamental model during the intellectual enquiry for the accounting purpose. In the forth section of the article, the scientific viewpoints have also being discussed for proving the fact that the research related to positive accounting is not the same as the research of accounting. Most of the cases, interpretive researchers argued that interpretive research program does not follow the assumptions of positive research (Christensen et al. 2016). For instance, those reality associated with the social nature of reality can be match the views of the viewpoints of the intellectual researchers. In other words, the socially constructed events carried out by human subjects are different and positive approach cannot be followed universally. In short, the article has clearly made an observation that human behavior varies with the auctions taken by them. On common perspective, mind makes choices, when humans have free will. Thus, the cause of behaviors is fluctuating and the decisions taken based on the human elements can be considered true or perfect for decision makin g all the time. Later the article tested the chosen hypotheses with the application of the theoretical framework. For instance, the collection of data is important for doing most of the scientific research. For this, theories are practiced for accumulating data. However, the argument lies on the concept of the acceptance of such used theories over the centuries. When the natural scientists think differently, they might observe irregularities in the past theories. In that situation, the careful observation based on those theories may found distinguish from the current observations. Frankly speaking, creative idea in science may be varied with different approaches of the natural scientists. This concept has been discussed with the Poppers criterion in this section. The essence of successful positive research program is also incorporated in this article for improving the human behaviors into the accounting research for better financial decision making. To determine the positive aspects of the research program, the researcher conducted a survey. Needless to say, the survey has revealed the noticeable gap between positive accounting practiced in organizations with actually would be required. Thus, most of the cases, organizations failed to make an effective contribution to the expanded intellectual program. Research Hypotheses The article has taken four hypotheses for conducting the research. Firstly, an independent world has been taken into consideration for conducting the research. An inner meaning said that events in the world are free of control of wishes of human subjects. This hypothesis values in the literature because new scientific thinking is full of creative ideas which must be evolving in nature. Thus, the concerned careful observations related to the accounting research might be varied. The second hypothesis assumed that events of the research are part of this world. In other words, the outcomes of such events are not the part of outside world. Thirdly, the observations of the research are not completely unconnected to the world. By this hypothesis, the research has maintained a realistic approach towards the normal people. Fourthly, the purpose of the enquiry at the level of intellectual is for gaining the importance to the world so that the entire research could contribute towards a particular direction. Theoretical Framework To conduct the research, the article discussed many theoretical frameworks for understanding the scientific contribution. For testing hypothesis, Poppers criterion has been discussed (Dunmore, 2016). This helped to understand the cause of distinguishes of creative ideas among many scientists. Evidence suggests that observations can be varied with different creative ideas. By this theoretical discussion, the variable nature of careful observations of natural scientists has been verified and tested the hypothesis as well. Therefore, the practicality lies on the use of the theoretical applications of the research. The Significance and Limitations of the Article This article approached diverse concepts of literatures. This helps in discussing the procurement of data for conducting the intellectual research related to the accounting research. The acceptance of the article comprises with the inclusion of the several viewpoints in the literature. For instance, the interpretative research program has been discussed, although the article has mainly concentrated on intellectual observations of the researchers. Thus the article has broadened its acceptance. Secondly, the research has incorporate mainstream accounting research program in contemporary decades despite its criticisms among others. The author has shown full support towards the application his research on applied accounting along with mentioning deficiencies in its implementation into the research. Thus the author does no hide the limitation of his own. Thirdly, the author has given examples for better understanding the positive approach in accounting research. This holds the practically of the research. However, limited theoretical framework has been used for testing the hypothesis. Secondly, the author has discussed both per perspectives of economic and accounting during the analysis of scientific research program. It creates several confusions among the critics of the article. Conclusion By the above discussion of the positive research, it has been observed that current practice of accounting has fall short while approaching careful observations. Furthermore, it has been determined that theoretical models are not helpful for getting involved in intellectual research for accounting because models are evolving with times. References: Christensen, H. B., Nikolaev, V. V., Wittenberg?Moerman, R. (2016). Accounting information in financial contracting: The incomplete contract theory perspective.Journal of Accounting Research,54(2), 397-435. Dunmore, p. (2016). Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research, (Massey university , wellington Giddens, A. (2013).New rules of sociological method: A positive critique of interpretative sociologies. John Wiley Sons. Penman, S. (2013). Accounting standard setting: Thoughts on developing a conceptual framework.China Journal of Accounting Studies,1(3-4), 157-167. Whittington, G. (2015). Measurement in Financial Reporting: Half a Century of Research and Practice.Abacus,51(4), 549-571.